Listed Biotechnology Companies I-O

This Page Last Updated On 31/12/2022

IBX - Imagion Biosystems Ltd.

New Mexico company which recently located to San Diego and listed on ASX in June 2017. Focus is on use of magnetic nanoparticles targeted at cancer cells for detection using magnetic sensors to detect breast cancer, ovarian cancer and prostate cancer. Working with Israeli company New Phase using the same particles for hyperthermia treatment of cancer. Shares have fallen over 80% since listing and decreased 33% in 2019 to $6 million with company gaining eligibility for tax incentives with the ATO and toxicology trials successful. Announcement in July that platform had gained FDA designation as a breakthrough device resulting in a 205% increase in share price which then fell as speculation subsided and new funds raised (eventually down 17% in 2019 to $13 million.) There was a 480% increase in 2020 to $145 million with new funds raised, manufacturing developing and collaboration with potential partners and key researchers developing for a clinical trial soon. There was an unexplained 48% decrease in 2021 to $85 million with first clinical trial commencing and funds raised. There has been a further 67% decrease in 2022 to $28 million. (23/12/22)

IDT - Institute of Drug Technology Australia Ltd.

The company had a pretty average 2003 and early 2004 with consolidation being the theme. Share prices were lack lustre until July when they increased around 30% as a result of the announcement of deals with US companies, but gradually declined about 30% to the end of 2005 and a decline and recovery in 2006 associated with reduced revenue and profitability but with significant recovery in the last 6 months due to improved financials (up 14% in 2006). The company had a market value of $26 million at the end of 2010 which was low given that it is one of the few biotech companies that until recently had been consistently profitable. Financials had indicated that revenues were growing slowly and profitability was up considerably. This together with the announcement of improved collaboration with Pfizer had resulted in a recovery in prices (up 21% in 2007 but down 31% in 2008 - below the average market decline for the sector) with the potential for improvement when current market malaise has passed. However there has been a sharp drop in 2009 with announcement of reduced revenues and profit (down 18%). Evidence of sharply reduced revenues and profit for FY2010 led to a sharp drop in 2010 with recovery at the end of the year on expectation of return to profit in the current financial year (down 57%). There was a 35% decline in 2011 to $17 million with company reporting difficult economic conditions but there has been some recovery due to government funding to support drug research and improved financials although not as much as expected. There was a further 44% fall in 2012 to $10 million due to poor financials and expectations of increased losses in the current financial year due to project delays. An explanation to the market of the opportunities for the company recovered the share price temporarily but the resignation of the CEO at the end of the year has left some uncertainty. There was an 18% recovery in 2013 to $11 million a new Japanese strategic investor and a new CEO appointed (eventually up 70% at $28 million following signature of manufacturing agreement with Imugene and improving financial outlook with fund raising completed). There was a 60% decline in 2014 to $29 million with fund raising then acquisition of a portfolio of generic drugs and fund raising to support this in process. There was a 147% increase in 2015 to $81 million with manufacture of new generics well advanced, distributors in North America found and new funds raised to speed up commercialisation. There was a 51% decline in 2016 to $45 million with offshore manufacturing gearing up, FDA approval and US launch for first of the new generic drug portfolio, new funds raised to assist commercialisation of new drug portfolio and staged divestment of CMAX to a Japanese company for $14 million (61% divested in first stage for $10 million). There was a further 50% decline in 2017 to $23 million but sales of generics are higher than projected, new product launched in the US market and new development agreement with Victorian Government. However departure of Managing Director had a negative effect. There has been a decrease and recovery in 2018 to $20 million (down 10%) with a substantial write off of intangibles and sale of some of its generic products portfolio. A strategic review of the company concluded that the company should stay in the generics market but be more selective as there has been a significant deterioration in generics pricing in the US market. The situation is not helped by a warning letter from the FDA about in-house procedures. Announcement in August 2018 of an agreement to develop cannabis medicinal products resulted in a 20% jump assisted by improved year end financials, eventually up 61% to $34 million with some reduction in shares. There was no change in 2019 with company value $34 million with strengthening links to large medicinal cannabis producer Cann Group (ASX:CAN). The awarding of a medicinal cannabis manufacturing licence in May resulted in a 63% jump in prices (eventually down 3% at $33 million). There was a 32% increase in 2020 with company value at $44 million and progress in production of medicinal cannabis resin and other products. There has been a 95% increase in 2021 to $86 million with potential involvement of company in mRNA Covid vaccine production. Speculation in August increased share prices 84% (eventually up 38% at $61 million). There was a 50% increase in November with announcement of first manufacture of mRNA vaccine candidate but announcement by Australian Government that its first choice was an alternative manufacturer resulted in a 40% price fall in December. There has been a 66% decrease in 2022 to $21 million with change of CEO. (29/12/22)

IHL - Incannex Healthcare Ltd.

Previously Impression Healthcare, the company shifted into medicinal cannabis in September 2018 and out of dental devices with change of name in mid 2020. There has been a 75% decrease in 2022 to $278 million with commencement of work towards a treatment for sleep apnoea and manufacture of new products as well as fund raising to support clinical studies. (25/12/22)

IIQ - INOVIQ Ltd.

This company, initially called Bard1, evolved from Eurogold and relisted in June 2016. The company was developing diagnostics and therapeutics for treatment of cancer and the basic technology appeared to be commercially immature as indicated by the low initial listing price. Shares up 70% by end of 2016 due to speculation but fell back in 2017 due to lack of progress to commercialisation with a 64% fall in May with release of trial results indicating current diagnostic had problems. Down 82% in 2017 to $4 million with company needing to demonstrate relevance to gain value. In early 2018 it announced positive and accurate diagnosis of ovarian cancer which resulted in a speculative 86% increase in share price to $11 million with new funds raised and diagnostic development agreement signed with Thermo Fisher Scientific for research use of diagnostic for ovarian cancer. The announcement in October 2018 of the development of a breast cancer test resulted in a further 70% jump. It was up 614% at $41 million at the end of October but then fell due to fund raising which was undersubscribed (eventually up 214% at $22 million). There was a 27% decrease and a partial recovery (unexplained) in 2019 to $23 million (up 5%) with equivocal results from cancer trials. Announcement in June of Board changes together with financing to strengthen management and move company to Eastern Australia resulted in a 30% increase (eventually up 55% to $46 million.) There was a 33% decrease in 2020 with company value at $31 million following agreement with Griffith University on technology development, merger with Sienna Cancer Diagnostics (AX:SDX) at end of July and 30:1 consolidation in early December. There has been a 76% increase in 2021 to $110 million with announcement that Griffiths University has shown the new ovarian cancer test has 100% sensitivity and specificity and options signed for new diagnostic tests . However founders of Bard1 are taking the company to court over their lack of suitable recognition. Name of company changed to INOVIQ in December 2021 to reflect company's broadened product range. There has been a 46% decrease in 2022 to $59 million with farming out of development and commercialisation of kit to US companies, increased market interest in tests and resolution of litigation with founders. (21/12/22)

ILA - Island Pharmaceuticals Ltd.

This a drug research and repurposing company developing small molecules as antivirals. It was formed in 2021 and was listed in April 2021 at an indicative value of $20 million. Its first target is a compound evaluated for cancer treatment and is being repurposed as a treatment for dengue fever. Following listing, share prices were higher than projected but fell 40% by the end of 2021,There has been a further 30% fall in share prices in 2022 to $15 million with progress towards clinical trials. (25/12/22)

IMC - Immuron Ltd.

Name changed from Anadis Ltd in December 2008. Shares bottomed in March 2003 and quadrupled following that, although they fell 19% in 2005 (partly as a result of a capital raising) and 27% in 2006. This continued through into 2007 with a further 66% decline to a market cap of $10 million. This lack of momentum led to the exit of the CEO. Uncertainty remained about the viability of 2008 and name changed to Immuron (ASX:IMC) in December 2008. Expectations of trial of immunotherapy product, new potential product licensed in from Israel and fund raising has led to some fluctuations in 2009 (up 173% at $23 million with further funds raised and new shareholding from Israeli licensee). US-based executives have been let go and there are discussions with leading pharma company on influenza treatment. Prices down 12% in 2010 with a market cap of $21 million following fund raising and positive clinical trial results. There has been an increase and decline in 2011 (down 24% at $17 million with appointment of new CEO but sales were still low although a recent deal with Paladin Labs offered promise). There was a further 80% decline in 2012 to $4 million with changeover of board members and a new funding round. There was a 50% recovery in 2013 before a 50% drop with resignation of CEO and a new round of fund raising which brought in new investors (eventually down 10% at $9 million). There was an unexplained recovery early in 2014 then a fall with the announcement of further fund raising to support clinical trials and pay off debt (eventually down 51% at $13 million with new funds raised). Company has completed 40:1 share consolidation but recent resignation of CEO is of concern. There has been a 180% increase in 2015 to $37 million with new COO appointed and new orders for Travelan from the US. No clear explanation for the increase is apparent other than an increased profile (an overly optimistic analyst report) in the US market feeding some speculation. There was a 45% decline in 2016 to $28 million with new fund raising completed. There was a 160% recovery in 2017 with promotion on developments in the NASH treatment market and progress towards listing in the US which was held up until clinical result analysis has been completed (eventually down 30% at $25 million with some last minute declines indicating eventual IPO price was not optimal). Recent resignation has resulted in planning for orderly transfer of management. There was a 5% increase in 2018 to $29 million with US DoD research providing positive reference for Travelan, a new trial commencing, a substantial improvement in Travelan revenues and positive clinical trial results as well as raising substantial funds in the US. There was a 35% decrease in 2019 with company value at $23 million with announcement of increasing sales in North America and fund raising through American Depositary Shares which appears to be depressing prices and expansion of work with US Defense on new therapeutics. There was a 37% decline in 2020 to $15 million with changeover of CEO but the announcement of US DoD interest in a clinical trial resulted in a 260% jump in share prices and the announcement that a component of Travelan is effective against Covid in the laboratory resulted in a further 250% jump (eventually up 77% at $52 million). There was a 57% decrease in 2021 to $23 million with a steep fall in revenues and earning deficits. Company has explained that a recent suspension of share trading was due to proposed acquisition of biotech company developing vaccines which was unsuccessful. There has been a 30% decrease in 2022 to $16 million with USDOD funding for further Travelan development, appointment of new CEO, improved sales of Travelan, a new trial of Travelan in the US now approved by the FDA and acquisition in gut health company in UK. (29/12/22)

IMM - Immutep Ltd.

Prior to 2009, Prima Biomed (renamed as Immutep in November 2017) had never excited the market, possibly because it set up a number of subsidiary companies originating from the same research institute and all of the technologies would take some time to reach market. Over the initial years, share prices trended steadily downwards and fell 60% in 2004. There was a 30% increase in October/November 2004 associated with Board changes, but this was wiped out at the end of the year when prices fell. Prices fell 29% in 2005 and 46% in 2006 but there was a rise in early 2007 due to favourable results from an early clinical trial on CVAC technology (down 58% in 2007 due to speculation over director associated share sell off). The market cap of $3 million in 2007 followed fund raising and the company was repositioning itself for a new business or change of direction with departure of Executive Chairman. Prices down 76% in 2008. There was an unexpectedly large recovery of 2900% in 2009 to a market cap of $92 million with some refinancing, access to a line of credit, commencement of clinical trials, FDA approval for clinical trials and unrealistic speculation associated with an unrelated vaccine development overseas. There was fund raising in 2010 but some share price decline which resulted in a market cap of $127 million (up 13%) and an announcement of intention to list on NASDAQ led to a temporary price rise. There was a 59% increase to $271 million in 2011 with clinical trial progressing, an agreement on approach for European Phase III trial, a new round of fund raising and potential commercialisation in the Middle East in 2011. However there was a marked and unexplained decline in late July 2011 (eventually down 6% at $168 million). There was a temporary 50% increase early in 2012 but shares were eventually down 31% at $117 million with NASDAQ listing, TGA approval for manufacturing of CVAC in Australia, significant changes in the Board and senior management and termination of programs in Dubai and Holland. There was a 21% decline in 2013 to $107 million with new funds raised and new clinical trials proposed and there was a further fall when initial analysis of Phase 2 clinical trial indicated no significant effect (eventually down 65% to $48 million). There was an 8% decline in 2014 to $44 million but FDA granting of Fast Track Designation to CVac and positive clinical results caused a noticeable improvement. Company acquired French pharma Immutep SA with assistance from US fund Bergen to increase focus on immuno-oncology sector (eventually down 15% at $45 million). Shares down 27% in 2015 to $33 million with Immutep earning milestone payment from GSK for commencing clinical trial. The company has made a sensible decision now supported by shareholders to cease costly clinical development of CVac and concentrate its resources on the LAG-3 immunotherapy products it acquired through Immuntep. There was a 55% rise in share price to market cap of $105 million in 2015 with announcement of new collaborations in Japan, positive trial results with CVAC, entry of new investors and commencement of milestone payments by Novartis. There was a 29% decline in 2016 to $75 million with company registering in the US to trade in American Depository Shares and receiving notification that it is not meeting NASDAQ requirements with steps being taken to rectify this. There was a further 39% decline in 2017 to $53 million with new collaborations announced and indications that NASDAQ listing will be retained as well as progress in clinical trials and new fund raising completed in the US market. Company changed name to Immutep (ASX:IMM) at the end of November 2017 with departure of chairman and director. There was a 27% increase in 2018 with company value at $94 million following announcement of clinical trial collaboration with Merck & Co., raising of more funds and encouraging results from combination trial with Keytruda as well as new IND application. A recent significant fall in price was attributed to new fund raising in the US market. There was a 7% decrease in 2019 with company value at $101 million with entry of new investor, new substantial fundraising and a 10:1 share consolidation. There was a 12% recovery in 2020 to $114 million with improving financials and promising trial results but Coronavirus crisis had a negative effect. Announcement of clinical trial results which showed positive results led to a further 1000% increase in share price (eventually up 60% at $269 million with significant funds raised). There was an 18% increase in 2021 to $419 million with new collaboration with Merck and substantial new fund raising completed. There has been a 42% decrease in 2022 to $251 million with funds raised and new collaborations announced. (26/12/22)

IMU - Imugene Ltd.

Imugene tripled in price during 2003 and prices more or less remained at this level until early 2005. This was based on optimistic expectations which could not be met in the short term. There was a fall and partial recovery in prices during 2005 (down 30% overall) and a recovery in 2006 (up 38% overall) with stabilisation in early 2007 associated with positive results in avian influenza trials (down 41% in 2007). There was a further 45% fall in early 2008 with a subsequent jump associated with positive trial results and a further jump with announcement of a strategic alliance with Merial and initial payments (down 43% in 2008). The market cap of $5 million for the company in 2009 was reasonable and prices in FY2009 were expected to climb further (temporary rise following speculation associated with outbreak of swine influenza and eventually up 4% with a year in profit) but there was a 60% decline in 2010 with ending of agreement with Merial. Announcement of negotiations with a new potential licensee resulted in a bounce and shares are down 38% in 2010 with a market cap of $8 million following announcement of positive vaccine trial. Announcement of deal with Novartis appeared to have little new effect and company is in dormant mode. However licence income has provided profitability in the last year. Down 78% to $2 million in 2011 with announcement of termination of development agreement with Novartis due to trial results not meeting expectations. A review concluded that activities needed to be cut back with concentration on vaccine delivery and pig vaccines rather than poultry as well as development of new partnerships. Laboratory has been closed. Shares were down 33% in 2012 until the announcement of acquisition of a drug delivery platform for $1 million more than doubled share price. Down 8% at $4 million in 2012 with acquisition of drug delivery platform complete, renewal of Board, introduction of new strategic direction in drug delivery and new funds raised. There had been a 9% increase in 2013 to $5 million with changeover of Board, new fund raising completed and discontinuation of main drug development with exit of leading shareholder. However there was a jump in October with the announcement of acquisition of Biolife Science Qld Ltd for around $3 million in shares and new funds to be raised. Eventually up 55% to $11 million in 2013 with acquisition of Biolife complete. There was a 41% decrease in 2014 to $13 million with NDA process commenced for new vaccine and more fund raising in process and decision to unload interests in Linguet drug delivery platform. There was a 20% increase in 2015 to market cap at $21 million and CRO appointed for clinical trial with more funds raised. Shares up 58% in 2016 to $41 million following substantial fund raising and engagement of new CEO. There was a 21% decrease in 2017 with company value at $43 million and substantial new funds raised and a 20% recovery in 2018 to $65 million with release of positive data on development of cancer vaccines, the signing of an exclusive licence to important IP and the raising of substantial funds for clinical research and trials in the US and Europe as well as Australia. There was a 78% increase in 2019 with company value at $138 million with acquisition of a new company and new oncolytic virus technology being supported by grant from USDoD and substantial new fund raising. There was a 213% increase in 2020 to $474 million with clinical trial progressing and FDA approval for a clinical trial in the US. There was a short term 20% increase early in 2021 and was eventually up 300% at $2.306 billion dependant on funds raised and speculation valuing the company above most others. There has been a 66% decrease in 2022 to $899 million with a recent 60% rise associated with positive clinical trial results and substantial new funds raised. (29/12/22)

IPD - Impedimed Ltd.

Eight year old Queensland company listed in October 2007 before substantial revenue had been generated. Following listing, prices increased then declined and on basis of fundamentals, it was hard to see prices being maintained until there were realistic projections for a substantial increase in revenue and profitability. Market cap of $128 million was high as revenues had been stable. Down 5% in 2008 compared to market sector decline of 39% which indicated strong support for company and up 4% in 2009 associated with possibility that insurers in the US may accept the Impedimed product as the gold standard. Prices rose 4% in 2010 with announcement of special reimbursement code for Impedimed use, contracts with US managed care organisations, raising of funds to expand operations in the US and strengthening of US team. This had been balanced by levelling off in revenues. Prices down 35% in 2011 to $82 million with progress in FDA approval. There was an unexplained 19% jump to $98 million in early 2012 and then an 85% decline to $15 million associated with a new round of funding completed and a change of CEO. Value of company in early 2013 was more in line with fundamentals than value four years before and continuing high losses with no growth in revenues resulted in strategic realignment and cost cutting. There was a 206% increase in 2013 to $44 million with a subsequent 241% increase in 2014 to $245 million with new funds raised and further raising in process, a new clinical trail commencing ahead of schedule and official reimbursement status for L-Dex in US. There was a 41% increase in 2015 to $347 million with L-Dex launched commercially in the US market. The company was then looking at the application of its technology to diagnosis of chronic heart failure. There was a 13% decrease in 2016 to $386 million after substantial fund raising and new agreement for clinical trials with Mayo Clinic as well as improved reimbursement in US fuelling confidence and launch of next generation device. However there was a 1% decline in 2017 to $384 million with an increase associated with commencement of sales of new SOZO device and application for 510(k) status with FDA but there has been a fall associated with positive clinical support not being converted into increased sales and reduced losses. There was a further 81% decline in 2018 to $72 million with signing of long term commercial service agreements and positive results coming from trials indicating that the company should have passed its nadir (recent recovery with 80% jump). The company has also sold the assets of XiTRON Technologies which it acquired in 2007. There has been a 71% recovery in 2019 to $123 million with signing of a purchasing agreement and speculation over results of a clinical trial; however, publication of clinical trial results indicating treatment with bio impedance spectroscopy did not lead to statistically significant results but indicated a need to change practice resulted in a 30% fall in the share price. Shares eventually down 13% at company value of $84 million following fund raising. There was a further 24% decrease in 2020 to $135 million with a small pick up in sales, substantial funds raised, indications that treatments are effective over the longer term and new diagnosis for heart failure leading to increased usage in trials and increased sales. There was a 40% increase in 2021 to company value at $311 million with funds raised and FDA providing a new designation to the SOZO device as well as positive trial results. There has been a 58% decrease in 2022 to $132 million with financials continuing to improve and appointment of new CEO/MD. (26/12/22)

IVX - Invion Ltd.

Company formed from the merger of CBio (ASX:CBZ) and US company Inverseon Inc. at end of August 2012. CBio was a ten year-old company developing a product for the treatment of autoimmune diseases and listed in February 2010 after 5 years of clinical trials. On listing shares fell 79% and company was valued at $31 million by the end of 2010 following additional fund raising. The company received a payment from Novo Nordisk after meeting a clinical milestone and then raised further funds to support clinical trials. There was a 216% increase in 2011 to $107 million due mainly to speculation, company promotions and new capital injections. The announcement in August 2011 that a clinical trial did not meet required endpoints resulted in a 50% price loss and shareholder dissatisfaction resulted in almost total board and upper management turnover (eventually down 71% at $15 million following decision by Novo Nordisk not to take up an option to extend collaboration and further departure from Board of international scientific directors). There was no significant price move in 2012 with option payment from Novo Nordisk and institution of legal proceedings against former directors as well as a strategic review which resulted in a proposal for acquisition of the US company Inverseon Inc, a proposed name change to Invion. There was a 29% drop in share prices to company value of $11 million prior to merger. Prices down 10% in 2012 with merged company value of $22 million following positive meeting with FDA and a new strategic alliance for clinical trials. There was an initial increase to $25 million in 2013 associated with initiation of a trial in the US on asthma patients but shares fell back due to a new round of fund raising and appointment of new managing director (eventually up 47% at $39 million with a recent price jump due to new licence in agreement for new drug). There was a decline and recovery in 2014 (down 44% at $26 million) with further funds raised but less than 50% take up of rights issue. There was a further 87% decline in 2015 to $7 million with new funds raised, successful phase 2 trial completed and more funds raised. There was a 67% decrease in 2016 to $2 million with progress towards Phase 3 trial but there are questions about financial viability. There was a 200% speculative increase with company value at $25 million in 2017 with significant new non-dilutive investment by Hong Kong company and a new deal with this company for an anticancer treatment. A proposal by the Board for a 100:1 consolidation has been deferred due to shareholder reaction. There was an additional 200% increase (based mainly on speculation) in 2018 to $99 million with new fund raising completed and promising results from laboratory studies. Company has spun off respiratory assets to a separate company, Chronic Airway Therapeutics Ltd, which will develop these assets in China. There was a 28% decrease and a partial recovery in 2019 to $77 million (down 22%) due to market promotion but a fillip was given with the announcement that a photosensitiser lead product had shown potential as cancer treatment in animal studies (eventually down 28% at $72 million). There was a further 23% decrease in 2020 to $55 million and a110% increase in 2021 at $135 million with proof of concept tests positive and new collaborative agreement signed and new fund raising in process. There has been a 57% decrease in 2022 to $58 million with company seeking shareholder approval for new collaborative agreement and associated fund raising. (26/12/22)

IXC - Invex Therapeutics Ltd.

Company formed to repurpose an already approved drug, Exenatide, to treat neurological conditions derived from or involving raised intracranial pressure. Company listed in early July 2019 at which time shares doubled in price. Since then share prices have increased further then declined. Shares in 2019 increased 115% to $47 million with clinical trials under way. There was a 17% decrease in 2020 to $54 million with clinical trial results positive, new funds raised and positive discussions with FDA and EMA on next clinical trial. There was a 1% decrease in 2021 to $53 million. There has been a 23% decrease in 2022 to $41 million with major trial about to start and FDA approval for NDA for Presendin . (25/12/22)

KZA - Kazia Therapeutics Ltd.

Name changed from Novogen to Kazia Therapeutics in November 2017. Novogen showed a steady rise in share price from $1.25 in September 2002 to over $8 in December 2003. The company achieved significant sales and a successful entry into the US market. However, the value of the company has fallen by over 70% to around $49 million since then. In our view, this market cap is fair. Some levelling or fall in share prices was expected during 2006 unless the company could reduce its losses. This occurred (down 48% in 2006) and was accentuated by a downturn in the market and delays in milestone licence payments. However there was a temporary lift in 2007 associated with resolution of a patent infringement and an associated new licensing agreement. Pricing held up initially in 2008 despite the market fall but then fell although there was a temporary recovery associated with fund raising to support Marshall Edwards in the US (down 52% in 2007 and down 44% in 2008). There was some initial recovery in 2009 supported by speculation apparently based on a blog in the US which caused a spike in May and new research on possible applications of phenoxodiol but since then there was a gradual decline resulting in departure of Managing Director. Prices down 14% in 2009 and a further 36% in 2010 to market cap of $39 million. Announcement of lack of significant effect in clinical trials in June 2010 resulted in halving of prices (down 80% to $12 million) with a substantial reorganisation of management and advisory from NASDAQ on low share price and sale of IP to subsidiary for US$4 million in stock as well as NASDAQ questioning of listing of subsidiary Marshall Edwards. There was a temporary recovery in 2011 associated with move of IP to Marshall Edwards subsidiary, sale of consumer products division and further indications of NASDAQ listing problems which appear to have been resolved (down 17% to $10 million). Prices declined 34% in 2012 to $7 million with sale of business providing profitability and proposal (subsequently terminated) to merge with Kai Medical, a sleep apnoea device company, with consolidation of shares and distribution of shares in MEI Pharma (previously Marshall Edwards). However, there was a 100% jump in November with the announcement of a large placement in MEI Pharma (eventually up 65% at $17 million) and acquisition of Australian company Triaxial Pharmaceuticals. There was a 56% decline in 2013 to $8 million until announcement of positive laboratory results resulted in a 425% speculative jump and a further unexplained speculative jump in October affected prices (eventually up 21% in 2013 at $32 million) with more funds raised and new collaborations commenced. There was a 58% decline to $16 million in 2014 with promising results for child anticancer treatments, a new round of fund raising and problems in meeting NASDAQ compliance. The announcement that a lead compound may be effective against melanoma doubled the share price in December (eventually down 45% at $26 million). There has been an 45% recovery in 2015 to $68 million with NASDAQ extending time to achieve compliance, promising laboratory results released, development and elucidation of a new chemotherapy product, new fund raising and new research partners but sudden resignation of CEO who has been replaced (eventually up 5% at $49 million). There was a 27% decrease in 2016 with company value at $41 million with engagement of new executive staff and licensing in of technology for clinical trials on brain cancer treatment. There has been a further 55% decrease in 2017 to $18 million with structural changes occurring in the company as it gears up for clinical trials and termination of Anisina clinical development program as well as streamlining of board and reduction in costs. Company changed name to Kazia Therapeutics (ASX:KZA) as well as consolidation of stock and a move to the China market and licensing out of technology to company run by former employees. Following consolidation, stock was down 46% to $22 million in 2017 with planning underway for a Phase II clinical trial. There was a 19% decline in 2018 with company value at $23 million with receipt of stock in Noxopharm and significant speculation based on improving financials as well as commencement of phase II clinical trial which is providing inconclusive results and divestment of technology for 12% of new company Trobio Therapeutics. New fund raising has temporarily depressed prices. There was a 64% increase to $43 million in 2019 with company gaining increased public profile and selling remaining share in Noxopharm as well as clinical trials showing good results. Recent announcement of positive phase 2 clinical trials resulted in a 60% share price jump. There has been a 93% increase in 2020 to $146 million with new funds raised, more being raised and a new orphan drug designation and fast track designation for a drug. There was an 8% increase in 2021 to $166 million with new licensing deal with China and licensing of new lead product from Evotec as well as commencement of clinical trial. There has been a 94% decrease in 2022 to $12 million with completion of phase II clinical trial and orphan drug designation gained but a recent modification to trials underway resulted in a 50% fall. (26/12/22)

LBT - LBT Innovations Ltd.

This company was originally called LabTech Systems and listed in July 2006 following a period on the Newcastle Stock Exchange. It gained an early break in 2007 with an agreement with bioMerieux for significant licence fees and milestone payments for its first product. This favoured profitability of the company in the four years after listing However, when the product was eventually commercialised, royalty income appeared to be less than expected. The company’s next product did not go the BioMerieux route but was folded into a joint venture with the Swiss laboratory instrumentation company Hettich AG in an attempt to control returns from commercialisation. This was finalised in June 2013 and it will depend on the effectiveness of the joint venture to ensure optimum return to LBT. Company value up 39% to $8 million in 2013 with $2 million gained from signing new joint venture and up 28% to $11 million in 2014 with further income from milestone payments, new fund raising, introductions of new and future products and continuing profitability. There was a 30% decline to $8 million in 2015 with the announcement that bioMérieux intends to terminate its licensing agreement for LBT's first product with likely loss of profitability in the short term but some recovery due to improving circumstances with substantial licensing fee paid and better than expected results in US clinical trials (even at $11 million). There was excessive speculation in a 700% jump to $93 million in 2016 with FDA approval and clearance of new APAS device, a new CEO appointed and new funds raised to support commercialisation ( eventually up 250% to $45 million). There was a 47% decrease in 2017 to $28 million with financials better than expected, new funds raised and new prototype product in testing. There was a 52% decline in 2018 to $18 million with new funds raised, positive trial results for new equipment and first commercial sales of new equipment in Australia and the US. There was a 21% decrease in 2019 to $14 million but the announcement that the FDA had cleared the new APAS Independence platform resulted in a 180% share jump which has gradually dissipated as US market is opening slowly (eventually up 80% at $38 million following fund raising, CE mark registration for new machine in Europe and first sale of Independence machine in Europe). There was a 24% decrease in 2020 to $35 million with sales of Independence machines in the US and Europe and grant support to develop new products. There was a 6% decrease in 2021 to $37 million with more sales of Independence machines in UK and strong promotion in advance of international conference. There was a 30% increase in value in December with move by company to take up remaining 50% of CCS sales joint venture. There has been a 50% decrease in 2022 to $19 million with receipt of order for multiple instruments from US distributor, direct sales into the US, funds for development of new device, raising of new funds and new distribution and product development initiatives with Thermo Fisher in Europe. (22/12/22)

LCT - Living Cell Technologies Ltd.

This company listed in September 2004 having previously been listed without note on the Newcastle Stock Exchange. In our view, the company was listing too soon and promising much. The company did well following listing with share prices up 100% and positive scientific reports were released. But it was hard to see this being maintained in 2005 and prices fell 53% in 2005 to par and remained at this level in 2006 with a small temporary rise in mid 2006 (down 10% in 2006). Preliminary favourable results from Phase II trials in Russia resulted in a 200% increase in September/October 2007 and prices rose 92% overall in 2007. There was a fall and recovery in 2008 associated with new investment, increased expectations for commercialisation and approval for a clinical trial in New Zealand (down 73% in 2008, up 120% in 2009 and down 39% in 2010). The market cap of $39 million at the end of 2010 following fund raising was reasonable if a little high as a result of speculation on positive clinical trials which are under way in Russia and in New Zealand. Establishment of subsidiary in Russia offered opportunity for early commercialisation with registration of the encapsulation device gained. Recent grant to support clinical trials is also promoting share price as well as early positive results from NZ trials which are being expanded. Appointment of new Managing Director appeared to have had little effect although a rise was associated with continuing positive trial results. Lack of positive price movement in 2010 appears to have led to shareholder dissatisfaction causing ditching of Chairman and one director at AGM. Some recovery in late 2010 with announcement of sale of Diabecell treatments in Russia. There was a further fall in share price in 2011 to $16 million (down 66%) with new substantial investors and funding support for clinical trials which have been expanded to Argentina. Lack of market support has indicated uncertainty about eventual commercialisation not helped by recent departure of another CEO and termination of agreement with Centocor. There was a 144% jump in October 2011 with announcement of joint venture with Otsuka Pharmaceuticals which was contributing $25 million (eventually down 66% at $16 million). There was a 2% increase in 2012 to $18 million associated with establishment of joint venture and associated increase in value of company from sale of IP as well as new fund raising and promising clinical trial results. There has been an increase of 12% to $20 million in 2013 with publication of successful trial for treatment of Parkinson’s disease and a further jump to $35 million (up 96%) with first transplant of NTCELL therapy capsules into a human. Announcement in December that NTCELL clinical study results would be withdrawn following an audit resulted in sharp price fall (eventually up 56% at $28 million). There was a 19% decrease in 2014 to $27 million with a strategic reorganisation of the company, Otsuka’s withdrawal from NTCELL development to concentrate on DIABECELL in US and Japan, more funds raised and exploration of new opportunities. There was a 37% decrease in 2015 to $17 million and a 76% rebound with announcement of successful clinical trial for treatment of Parkinson's (eventually down 21% at $21 million). There was a speculative 78% increase in 2016 to $51 million with commencement of Phase IIb trial of NTCell and new funds raised. There was a speculative 125% increase in 2017 to $114 million but announcement that clinical trial results showed no significant statistical difference between treated and sham treated groups which resulted in an 82% fall (eventually down 70% at $15 million. There was some recovery when it was announced that the previous assessment was premature so the results will be reviewed in May 2017. There was a decline and recovery in the first nine months of 2018 to $17 million (up 11%) with company looking for new opportunities and reducing costs and clinical trial starting to show significant results. An unexplained 100% jump in prices occurred in October (eventually up 63% at $25 million). There was a 64% decrease in 2019 to $9 million with trial results still providing confusing indications requiring further analysis which has been positive but not definitive. There was a move by some shareholders to replace three directors including the Managing Director with two directors which was only partially successful with replacement of a director. There has been a decrease and recovery in 2020 12 with company value at $8 million (down 13%) but there was a temporary surge in early July as a result of new products in the pipeline and indications that the company is looking to out-licence its NTCELL technology. There was a 64% decrease in 2021 to $5 million with company looking to reduce costs of operation further and raising funds for further trials. There has been a 160% increase in 2022 to $17 million with moves for more clinical trials of NTCell and funding to support this with associated share price speculation. A group of shareholders representing 5% of shares were successful in replacing three directors in the company at the AGM in early November. The Interim CEO (also a director) will also leave shortly. (26/12/22)

LDX - Lumos Diagnostics Holdings Ltd.

Company was founded in 2012 to develop, manufacture and distribute point of care diagnostic tests and associated readers. It has developed a number of tests for infectious diseases. The company listed in mid 2021 and prices fell 17% by the end of that year. There has been a 95% decrease in 2022 to $10 million with Victorian Government offer to support a local diagnostics manufacturing facility and innovation hub (since refused by company). Lack of shareholder support appears to be associated with projected reduced sales and increased losses which has led to management reorganisation and raising of substantial funds with further price falls. The decision of the FDA not to approve the FebriDx diagnostic resulted in a further 60% fall in share price. The Sarasota FL facility of the company has been closed down with the California facility remaining. Company is in process of raising further funds and has announced two new service agreements. (31/12/22)

LER - Leaf Resources Ltd.

This company was formed from the merger in early 2010 of listed company Aquacarotene Ltd and Farmacule Bioindustries with an associated share consolidation. Name of the merged company was changed to Leaf Energy in November 2010 and then to Leaf Resources in August 2014. Company value was $4 million and prices fell 43% in 2010 following the merger but was even in early 2011 with first milestone for Vitronectin production successfully achieved. However, shares fell 20% following announcement of departure of CEO but recovered (eventually down 40% to $2 million), a new CEO was appointed and initial test shipments of product have begun. New funds raised via 1 for 1 rights issue to explore potential of marine yeast, shares fell 29% in 2012 to $2 million without explanation and a new chairman has been appointed. There was a further 17% decrease to $3 million in 2013 with half year results indicating improving financials and new direction of bioethanol production from bio-waste and new collaboration with Actinogen on bioethanol. There was a 161% increase in 2014 to $13 million with technical advancements announced, new collaboration with ZeaChem in the US, the reception of a Greentech Award and the raising of further funds. The company changed its name to Leaf Resources in August 2014 in line with changed business. There was a 35% increase in 2015 to $20 million with technical advances announced which make the process more economically viable, new research agreements signed and new funds raised. There was a 3% decrease in 2016 at $25 million with progress through to scale up of pilot plant, new international collaborations and funds raised to support this. There was a 26% decrease in 2017 to $27 million with new funds raised, expansion of the board, new agreements signed and new site selected in Malaysia. There was a further 51% decrease in 2018 to $17 million with feasibility study well received by potential supporters and feedstock supply contracts signed as well as successful fund raising for next commercialisation stage. There was a 48% decrease in 2019 to $9 million with feasibility study undertaken for second plant in Queensland, rights issue for fund raising in process signing up of a new partner for Malaysian operation and new development agreement. The Malaysian project is now eligible for financial support from the Malaysian Government. There was a further 34% decline in 2020 to $7 million with funding in place and acquisition of a sustainable chemical company to complement its existing business. Acquisition of the company and consolidation of shares resulted in a jump in share price (eventually up 52% at $66 million). This continued into 2021 up 80% at $124 million with new plant in acquired company in production and about to double capacity with new funding sought. A recent explosion at the new plant has created short term hold ups including share trading suspension to the present with replacement plant being installed. Suspension was removed in July 2022 with 65% fall in price and share changes with company value at $30 million (now down 78% to $31 million with talk of establishing first plant in New Zealand rather than Queensland). (28/12/22)

MAP - Microba Life Sciences Ltd.

Brisbane ompany specialising in human gut biome and looking to develop associated tests and therapeutics was founded in 2017 and listed in April 2022 at a projected value of $123 million. Following the listing, company developed many international partnerships including a shareholding in the company. Since listing shares declined 46% to company value of $52 million. The announcement in November 2023 that Sonic Healthcare would acquire 20% of the company and partner with it in introducing it in a number of countries resulted in an 80% increase in share prices (now down 10% to $93 million). (30/12/22)

MDC - Medlab Clinical Ltd.

Company listed in July 2015 and is focussing on biologics targeting illness Share prices remained around listing price in 2015 and revenues and aims of company are modest. Share prices increased 325% in 2016 to company value of $152 million and company is operating proactively by gaining a research licence to use medical cannabis which possibly contributed to the speculative increase. Company has raised further funds through rights issue and is about to start clinical trials using cannabis. There has been an 8% decrease in 2017 to $141 million with government attitudes to cannabis medication changing and ethics approvals for Phase 2 trial on treatment of depression and for two trials on cannabis being obtained. A recent short lived 23% fall in share price is as yet unexplained but a more recent increase has been in anticipation of clinical trials with a cannabis product expected to start shortly. The granting of a licence to sell or supply cannabis products in early 2018 resulted in a 50% price jump to $212 million with a placement oversubscribed. There has since been a substantial correction (eventually down 53% at $76 million). There was an 18% decrease in 2019 with company value at $71 million possibly as a result of speculation over tests of products and anecdotal information on positive pain treatment as well as new US and UK agreements. There was a 21% decrease in 2020 to $67 million with positive pain reduction results announced and speculation over clinical trial results but revenues are plateauing and losses increasing. Speculation is beginning with Phase III trial launching in the UK. There was a 38% decrease in 2021 to $51 million with trials promising, funds raised and sale of the nutraceutical arm of the company. There has been a further 71% decrease in 2022 to $15 million with 150:1 share consolidation completed and NASDAQ listing possible and commencement of royalty income. (26/12/22)

MEB - Medibio Ltd.

Name changed from BioProspect in November 2014 following acquisition of 9ew technology and preparations for new consumer product with substantial reorganisation of company and consolidation in process. Company has developed a diagnostic heart rate variability technology for mental health diagnosis and is about to conduct first validation trial. Company value in 2015 was even at $29 million with announcement of agreement with Johns Hopkins for US-based validation trial, 100:1 share consolidation complete, acquisition of diagnostic technology complete with new stress diagnosis technology being patented, positive feedback from recent presentations in North America, early adoption by two companies in Australia and new fund raising completed. There was a 18% decline in 2016 to $26 million but with announcement of results of positive trial, the shares recovered significantly (eventually up 28% at $57 million). There was a 10% decrease in 2017 to $69 million and appointment of new CEO/Managing Director, new agreements with Mayo Clinic, Japan and an Australian provider, appointment of high profile Board members and positive clinical trial results with the aim of gaining FDA clearance in 2018. There was been a further 33% decrease in 2018 to $47 million with acquisition of Vital Conversations, a complementary company in the Corporate Wellness market, and signing of corporate contracts for the mental health check. The sudden unexplained departure of the MD/CEO in August resulted in a 31% fall in share price (eventually down 94% at $4 million and aggravated by fund raising). Shareholders representing 6% of the company unsuccessfully tried to replace two directors with three new ones due to dissatisfaction with fall in share price but there have been changes at the Board level and reduction of costs in the US. There was a further 57% decrease in 2019 to $2 million with entitlement issue being taken up and a new research agreement in Italy but significant delay in FDA submissions. Announcement in July of a deal with a global company in UK for first of two pilots there resulted in a 190% share price jump to $6 million (even in 2019 at $5 million) but this soon dissipated when company sought funds but jumped again (100%) when a further deal with the same company was announced (down 52% to $10 million with substantial funds raised). Little change in early 2020 with departure of Chairman/MD who has been replaced by key shareholder. There was a 20% decrease in 2020 with company value of $11 million with company programs progressing, a deal signed with Compass, funds raised, outstanding litigation resolved and clinical trail in process. There was a 38% decrease in share price in 2021 with company value of $10 million with CE Mark approval for sleep application, fund raising oversubscribed and launch of new LUCA application. There has been a 60% decrease in 2022 to $7 million with new fund raising and arrival of new CEO and Chairman. (19/12/22)

MEM - Memphasys Ltd.

Previous company (NuSep) created to specialise in the sales and distribution of bioseparations products originally sold through Life Therapeutics. This company had undertaken extensive developmental work but commercialisation was still at an early stage. Prices had fallen 86% since listing in May 2007 (down 65% in 2007, down 74% in 2008 and down 67% in 2009). Company value at $2 million was precarious until the reverse takeover of NxGen Pharmaceuticals was announced. NuSep business was to be spun out into another vehicle: Prime BioSeparations. Independent expert report indicated proposed acquisition not fair nor reasonable and acquisition did not proceed. Shares were relisted after 20:1 consolidation in early July and fell 71% in 2009 with company value at $6 million following successful capital raising. Shares down 13% in 2010 with fund raisings and acquisition as well as new venture in Asian market increasing value to $16 million and reporting of a profitable year. There was a 70% decline in 2011 to $8 million associated with declining revenues and profitability due to delays in commercialisation and the need to inject funds into longer term investments including the Singapore project which has received local blessing and investment. Advent of new major investor appeared to have temporarily halted price slide in 2011. Nevertheless there was a 54% decline in 2012 to $3 million with questions raised about the carrying value of the company’s intangible assets, short term loans incurred to expand consumables business and outstanding payments on options in both half yearly and annual reports. There was a slight recovery with the announcement of a Singapore joint venture on plasma processing and this led to a 55% jump when external investment in the venture commenced and company was restructured accordingly. There has also been a proposal to spin out the PrIME business to enable this business to gain appropriate value and this is to occur in 2013. A new Singaporean investor is also taking up 15% of the company with an associated fall in price and a substantial change over of the board. By the end of the year, shares were up 7% at company value of $10 million. In early 2013, the company divested non-core assets with little effect on share prices although there has been a recent rise with promotion of the company in the market and new funds raised (down 1% at $12 million). There was a decrease of 33% to $9 million in 2014 with departure of CEO, new financing for Singapore project in place and possibly speculation over revaluation of NuSep although loans are still propping up the company. Company is pressing ahead with commercialisation of Sperm Sep technology with new agreement with German company in animal reproduction. In association with presentation at AGM shares jumped 60% for a number of possible reasons (eventually up 3% at $13 million). There has been a steep drop in share price in 2015 with some recovery due to proposal to sell company's gel business and share in plasma separation business in Singapore (down 44% at $11 million with substantial equity change.). There was an 88% drop to $3 million in 2016 with resignation of Board member and resignation from Prime Biologics Board of key supporter of NuSep and share issue doubling capital at a low price. The company has sold its US gels business to China and is about to announce disposal of its interest in Singapore-based Prime Biologics. This was not helped by NuSep litigation against Prime in Singapore over research equipment which further eroded the share price. One fears this story will end in tears. Name changed to Memphasys (ASX:MEM) in July 2016 with some temporary recovery in share price (eventually down 88% at $3 million). Company was looking for funds for survival. There was a decline and recovery in 2017 (eventually down 60% at $9 million) with litigation resolved and a decision to continue with the next step of the SpermSep development with agreement with device partner and associated substantial fund raising has been depressing the price further. There was a 50% decline in 2018 with company value at $5 million with announcement of settlement of litigation with former financiers, progress on sperm separation device, a new substantial investment from the horse breeding industry and a 15:1 share consolidation. There was an unexplained 300% share price jump in mid October just prior to announcement of appointment of Key Opinion Leader to review a new device (eventually down 7% to $10 million). There was a speculative 79% increase to $38 million in 2019 with new funds raised and new device progressing with selection made on tooling and manufacturing of device and being shipped to opinion leaders for testing. There was a 100% increase in 2020 to $75 million with positive feedback from first users of new device, trading of stock in exchanges in Germany and sales projected for Canada before the end of the year not eventuating. There was a 40% decrease in 2021 to $48 million mainly as a result of finding a flaw in the Felix Device which has delayed validation and commercialisation which was followed by a 40% drop in share prices and a short term recovery following funding from major shareholders. The announcement of verification and validation of the Felix device led to a 60% share price jump (eventually down 7% at $74 million) and sales have commenced to research groups with commercial applications to follow. There has been a further 84% decrease in 2022 to $14 million with trials providing positive results and sales of device abroad with new funds raised. (27/12/22)

MSB - Mesoblast Ltd.

This company, drawing on stem cell technology from Adelaide and overseas, launched in mid December 2004 at a premium of 60% and although prices dropped to par, they have again risen, up 89% in 2005, up 55% in 2006 but down 30% in 2007 associated with market correction and further oscillations in 2008 (down 22%). There mwas a further increase in 2009 with release of trial results (up 36%) and another 243% increase in 2010 based on inflated analyst reports, speculation and strategic alliance with Cephalon. It is still too early to assess the substance of this company but some questions have been asked about issues of ownership of associated companies. The company is also being strongly promoted even though commercialisation is some time away and current income until recently has been reliant on grants and interest income. In our view, the company is overvalued for this stage of the commercialisation cycle and significant work is required to achieve commercialisation to justify the value of $2.0 billion in 2011 following absorption of Angioblast Systems and investment by Cephalon. However the US$100 million licence fee payment by Cephalon provided support for the value from the larger companies and this together with subsequent income supported the 48% increase in value in 2011 to $1.9 billion. There was an overall downward movement from 2012 with some speculation relating to a diabetes trial and international promotion initially pushing prices but a recent steep fall is as yet unexplained but may relate to Teva’s lack of interest in Mesoblast since its takeover of Cephalon (denied by Mesoblast) (down 23% to $1.5 billion). There was a 10% increase in 2013 to $1.88 billion associated with positive clinical trial results and FDA approvals and a further $170 million fund raising as well as acquisition of Osiris Therapeutics cultured stem cell business and new collaborations formed and new developments in Japan on acceptance of stem cell therapy. There was a 20% decline in 2014 to $1.5 billion with announcement that the company is bringing forward plans for commercialisation with proposed operations in Singapore and new agreement with NIH on end stage heart failure clinical trial. However in August there was a recovery (eventually down 25% at $1.4 billion). There have been price oscillations in 2015 with market cap at $1.15 billion (down 22%) with promising results from clinical trials on stem cell use to treat chronic lower back pain and graft versus host disease in children, positive developments for incentives in Japan and a new deal with Celgene. The company succeeded in a Nasdaq listing in the US to raise US$68 million but there is some bite back from observers who have noted that clinical trial results have not been as good as the company would have us believe. This resulted in a 33% price fall (eventually down 58% to $703 million). Shares fell a further 36% in 2016 to $452 million but announcement of clinical trial results and less negative half yearly financials resulted in an 80% recovery. Licensing of technology re homing of stem cells from Harvard has also led to some speculation but the selling by Credit Suisse and JP Morgan of their substantial shares in the company is also significant and there was a further 40% fall with indications that Teva Pharma is pulling out of its strategic alliance with Mesoblast after a year but this was countered by positive trial results announced (down 23% at $546 million in 2016). As a result of deal with Malinkrodt and promising clinical results, there was a 2% increase in 2017 to $687 million with raising of further funds and a 45% increase in 2018 to $1.054 billion with announcement of positive phase 3 trial results and new collaborations in China which have been completed with injection of funds. However, the market responded negatively with release of clinical trial results (down up to 35%) and value at the end of 2018 was $577 million (down 21% in 2018). There was a recovery of 79% in 2019 to $1.117 billion with progress made in US and Japan and new agreement with Grunenthal on lower back pain treatment and raising of new funds. There was a 5% decrease in 2020 to $1.058 billion with clinical trials underway offering positive results and clinical trial of Remestemcel-L for treatment of Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS) associated with Covid-19. However in April, the announcement of compassionate use of company's stem cells in Covid-19 patients with ARDS resulting in 83% survival has led the way for a follow up phase 2/3 trial in the US (now enrolling). This resulted in a 61% share price increase (now up 136% at $2.880 billion) with dosing of first patients commencing in trial of Covid-19 patients with ARDS and funds raised to support this trial. There has been a recent fillip with FDA advisory support of Remestemcel-L for treatment of refractory GvH in children but FDA request for more clinical trial evidence of efficacy of the treatment resulting in a 37% share price fall and a recovery with announcement of deal with Novartis on Remestemcel-L to treat AIDS but a further fall when two trials did not meet endpoints (eventually up 8% to $1.320 billion in 2020). There was a 37% decrease in 2021 to $0.915 billion with positive trial results and new funds raised . Recent share falls due to uncertainty about cash position and clinical trial requirements going forward but announcement of positive phase 3 trial resulted in a short term 16% jump in share price. There has been a further 37% decrease in 2022 to $660 million with new litigation against Mesoblast in Australia. (24/12/22)

MXC - MGC Pharmaceuticals Ltd.

European based biopharma company specialising in the production and development of phytocannabinoid derived medicines was founded in 2005 and listed on the ASX in December 2006. There has been a 68% decrease in 2022 to $34 million with sales increasing. (23/12/22)

NC6 - Nanollose Ltd

Biotechnology company looking to commercialise fibres and fabrics with minimal environmental impact. Working with international partners in India and Europe and collaborating with Chinese groups working in same space. Since listing in late 2017 company is still assessing opportunities and share price has shown a gradual decline. In 2020, shares increased 20% to company value of $6 million with 20% investment in filtration start up . Announcement of joint patent with Indian partner resulted in 270% jump in share price in early 2021 to $15 million (eventually up 85% at $15 million in 2021 following fund raising). There has been a 49% decrease in 2022 to $8 million with new collaboration arrangements signed. (28/12/22)

NEU - Neuren Pharmaceuticals Ltd.

Merger of two New Zealand companies listed at beginning of February 2005. Collaborations in the US and Australia. Following listing, prices fell about 15% but recovered with the announcement that progress through clinical trials for first product has been facilitated with considerable cost savings. There was also an unexplained 50% jump in prices in late 2005 which held up into 2006 and a temporary improvement in 2006 associated with collaboration with Metabolic at Pharmaceuticals but prices fell 25% overall in 2006 with a temporary rise in early 2007 associated with expectations about a glypromate Phase 3 trial which had commenced and a 50% fall followed by a temporary jump in November 07. The company had a market cap of $1 million in early 2009 following several fund raisings but prices had fallen 55% in 2007, 94% in 2008 and a further 50% in early 2009 following announcement of glypromate clinical trial showing no effect. There was a massive turnaround in prices in April 2009 possibly due to speculation over new funding and new move into cancer research as well as announcement that US Army will fund next clinical trial. Prices rose 270% in 2009 but fell 57% in 2010 to a market cap of $7 million. There was a fall and a recovery in 2011 due to speculation over recommencement of clinical trials (up 69%) which together with fund raising increased market cap to $31 million. Up 30% at $41 million in 2012 with good publicity and speculation pushing up prices and a 229% increase in 2013 to $174 million with FDA fast track status provided to fragile X treatment. There was a 30% decline in 2014 to $129 million with a total recovery following announcement of successful Phase II trial of NNZ-2566 in treatment of Rett syndrome (eventually up 4% at $191 million). Shares increased 13% to company value of $215 million with orphan drug and breakthrough therapy designation sought from FDA. There was a 38% increase in 2015 to $267 million with speculation on new FDA applications but when Breakthrough Therapy designation was not granted, prices fell sharply (eventually down 4% at $197 million with more funds raised). There was a further 16% decline in 2016 to $167 million with some subsequent recovery. Announcement that a phase 2 clinical trial did not meet efficacy endpoints resulted in a 35% fall in late April (eventually down 51% at $100 million). There was a 186% recovery in 2017 to $318 million with promising clinical trials and new funds raised. There was a considerable lift in price prior to 20:1 consolidation in late November. There had been a 15% decrease in 2018 to $275 million but the announcement of a licensing deal in August with Acadia Pharma resulted in a further 43% fall to $118 million (down 56% following recent recovery to $141 million). There was a 77% increase in 2019 to $250 million with some recovery following announcement that one of lead compounds has gained Orphan Drug Designation for three disorders. There was a 48% decrease in 2020 to $147 million due mainly to the Coronavirus crisis and fund raising. There was a 193% increase in 2021 with company value at $475 million with new funds raised for four new indications. There was a 140% increase in December with announcement that a Phase 3 trial of Trofinetide for Retts Syndrome provided positive results. There has been a 119% increase in 2022 to $1.042 billion with priority given to NDA for Trofinetide and associated US$10 million milestone payment. (26/12/22)

NOX - Noxopharm Ltd.

Company formed to test ability of candidate drug to reduce cancer resista12nce to chemotherapy. Led by CEO who had controversial stint with Novogen (now Kazia Therapeutics) in US. Listed at a value of $15 million in August 2016 and shares doubled in value by end of 2016 to around $30 million. Optimism continued into 2017 but this has moderated since May with a price fall associated with fund raising and a subsequent highly speculative price jump associated with moving technology into another company and favourable preclinical results (eventually up 169% at $117 million.) There was a 12% decline in 2018 to $109 million and a recovery to $163 million (up 32%) with speculation over clinical results then a fall to $51 million (down 63%) following announcement of results. There was a 33% decline in 2019 to $37 million with new announcement on Idonoxil and restructuring of the Board as well as several promising clinical trial results. Company assisted in listing of US subsidiary Nyrada on the ASX in January 2020. There was a 61% decrease in 2020 to $17 million with interim trial results promising and more funds raised but prices affected by Coronavirus crisis. The announcement in April that a lead compound Idronoxil may have application to treating the "cytokine" storm associated with COVID-19 deaths resulted in a short term 100% jump in prices (eventually up 75% at $126 million) with new funds raised. There was a 20% decrease in 2021 to $114 million with claim for a new treatment for end stage prostate cancer, trial results positive and new collaborations initiated. The company announced that it had received a substantial government grant for cancer research but this was subsequently withdrawn by the Government. There has been a 64% decrease in 2022 to $41 million with a changeover of Managing Director and Orphan Drug Designation for Veyonda as well as publication of positive trial data . (28/12/22)


NSB - Neuroscientific Biopharmaceuticals Ltd.

Originally called Alzhyme, the company was established in 2002 and its name was changed to the current mouthful in 2016 and was then listed on the ASX in July 2018. Company developments based on patented technology from University of Tasmania with additions by Professor Martins of Edith Cowan University and the Australian Alzheimer's Research Foundation. Focus is on diagnostics and pharmaceutical products for a number of neurological disorders. Shares fell 35% in 2018 following listing and had risen 8% in 2019 to $10 million. In July company announced that studies on a brain injury model demonstrated that its lead compound was better than existing products for neurone regeneration resultingant in a 190% jump in share prices (eventually up 46% at $15 million at end of year). There was a 32% increase in 2020 to $23 million with promising results coming from laboratory tests and animal trials and new funds raised. There was a 34% increase in 2021 to $48 million with funds raised with a recent 40% speculative increase due to market promotion. There has been a 78% decrease in 2022 to $10 million with rejection of trial protocol by ethics committee and resignation of Managing Director which resulted in a 50% fall in share price. There has been some recovery following engagement of specialist consultant for regulatory affairs and interim Managing Director (now down 63% at $18 million). The company is taking out a patent for Emtin B in combination with Copaxone as a treatment for multiple sclerosis. (31/12/22)

NTI - Neurotech International Ltd.

Maltese-Australian company developing neurostimulation and neurodiagnostic solutions for use in home-based therapies for children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). Listed on ASX early November 2016. Main initial focus on Italian then European market with clinical trials in the US to follow. Second device Mente 2 listed with FDA and receiving CE marking. In 2016 shares increased 93% to company value of $34 million with commencement of shipment of devices. There had been a decrease of 56% in 2017 to $15 million but announcement of a positive outcome from a US clinical study resulted in a 70% recovery (now down 48% at $22 million with new funds raised). There was a 45% decrease in 2018 with company value at $12 million with clinical trial results due and EU approval for next version of the Mente device. Announcement of publication of trial results resulted in a temporary recovery of value (eventually down 78% to $5 million) and new CEO/MD appointed. There was an 84% decrease in 2019 to $1 million following new fund raising, with negative publicity in Maltese press about company's founder and former Chief Scientific Officer, then exit of key shareholder and major turnover of Board which has resulted in a major (and otherwise unexplained) recovery in the share price (now down 69% at $2 million). On 5 June, there was excessive trade in the stock which rose 150% and trade in shares appeared to be several times the company value such that ASX was required to raise concerns twice over this period. Shares eventually down 64% at $2 million in 2019. There was a 181% increase in 2020 with company value at $25 million with cancellation of the Mente Autism device from the TGA register but an improving profile in the European market with renewal of CE mark. Company has raised new funds and is looking to expand its portfolio to include cannabis products for modulating neurological disorders. There was a 33% increase in 2021 with company value at $42 million with initiation of trial of cannabis medicinal products in children with autism. There has been a 17% increase in 2022 to $58 million with promising clinical results for treatment of Autism Spectrum Disorder and new clinical trial starting. (25/12/22)

NXS - Next Science Ltd.

Next Science a developer of innovative technologies to address antimicrobial resistance and bacterial biofilms was listed in April 2019 at which time shares rose 35%. In 2019, shares peaked with a rise of 360% to company value of $824 million but this was followed by a relaxation of speculation (eventually up 88% at $338 million at end of the year). There was a 34% decrease in 2020 to $243 million with a recent increase r3esulting from US EPA approval for a biofilm treatment. There was little change in 2021 with company value at $246 million with revenues increasing and approval for products in the US and Australia but a revision in forward projections resulted in a share price fall at the end of 2021. There has been a 49% decrease in 2022 to $136 million with more funds raised, CEO transition planned and new accreditation in the US . (29/12/22)

NYR - Nyrada Inc.

Spin off from ASX listed Noxopharm as US subsidiary and Noxopharm has 27%. Focussed on drugs to lower cholesterol levels, to minimise cell damage associated with brain injury and to treat pain associated with nerve injury. Listed in mid January 2020 and shares increased 13% on listing. IPO fully subscribed and raised $8.5 million. Shares up 20% on listing price in 2020 at $26 million with positive preclinical results announced. There was little change in 2021 at $33 million with more funds raised. There has been a 41% decrease in 2022 to $22 million. (30/12/22)

OCC - Orthocell Ltd.

Regenerative medicine company focussing on regeneration of cartilage and tendon and repair of soft tissue industries. Formed in 2006 and listed in 2014 with a good trials and licensing of process in China as well as link ups with stem cell companies overseas. Has been able to grow tendon in laboratory which demonstrates progress over other stem cell companies. Shares down 13% in 2015 to company value of $33 million with presentation of positive data at international conference and new funds raised. There were price oscillations in 2016 with company value at $39 million (down 1% following new round of fund raising). Announcement of agreement with Johnson and Johnson company and regulatory advance with CelGro in the US led to a temporary rise, eventually down 11% at $36 million following speculation about developments and new funds being raised. There was a 57% decrease in 2018 with company value at $18 million and strengthening of its scientific advisory board and new studies demonstrating effectiveness of therapies as well as sales into Poland, Italy, UK and Ireland and new funds raised. There was a 24% decrease in 2019 to company value at $13 million but the announcement of positive clinical results resulted in an 350% increase to $70 million (eventually up 238% at $90 million) and this has enabled substantial new fund raising with further clinical results announced as well as agreement with FDA on submissions. The coronavirus crisis in February 2020 resulted in a significant fall in stocks despite progress with FDA approval in the US and TGA application (down 8% at $83 million.) There was a 13% increase in 2021 to $101 million with FDA 510(k) approval for the Striate+ product, a patented rope device for repair of anterior cruciate ligaments and market opportunities improving. There has been an 22% decrease in 2022 to $79 million with TGA approval for new device which resulted in 22% price increase, signing of exclusive agreement with leading dental implant company with a 43% price increase and continuing positive trial results as well as payment of substantial licence fees. (30/12/22)

OIL - Optiscan Imaging Ltd.

Since the announcement of its licensing deal with Pentax in 2000, share prices have languished and despite some rise associated with the overall market lift in August 2003, prices have not been strongly supported except for rises associated with regulatory approval in the US, the release of a new research product and the deal with Carl Zeiss. The company is currently valued at $10 million, which is vulnerable with stability in 2005, a 28% increase in 2006, a 33% decrease in 2007, a further decline of 82% in 2008 but up 46% in 2009 and down 11% in 2010, following departure of CEO after only two years. To maintain value, the company will need to become profitable and will need to increase revenues. Recent declines have been due to soft forward sales projections by Pentax as well as broader issues in the market and this is being reflected in decreasing revenues. There was a rapid drop in price in October 2008 with need for fund raising. Company has been downsized in difficult climate with a recent contract with Carl Zeiss offering some hope as well as the new agreement with Hoya and new fund raising. Agreement on expanded cooperation with Carl Zeiss has provided some lift in prices at end of 2010. There has been a fall and recovery in value in 2011 (eventually up 69% to $16 million) with a strategic review underway and further speculation in December 2011. Prices more than doubled after October 2011 apparently due to speculation but were down 30% in 2012 to $14 million with new funding and sale of new product to Carl Zeiss. There was a 39% decrease in 2013 to $9 million and a further 26% decrease in 2014 to $7 million. This was reversed temporarily when company announced a global OEM supply agreement and opportunities for new markets in the neurosciences as well as milestone payment from Carl Zeiss(down 2% with company value at $10 million). There was a temporary recovery in 2015 (eventually down 47% to $6 million) with fund raising completed, changeover of Board, launch of new product and extension of agreement with Zeiss. There was a 31% decline in 2016 to $4 million with shares suspended as company has been unsuccessful in raising critical funds so far and this situation was not improved by resignation of Chairman and majority of Board. All have now been replaced together with the appointment of a new CEO. Following period of suspension, company has raised more funds (60% shortfall made up by underwriter), further funds and launch of new product (up 107% at $22 million). In 2017 there was a 67% increase to $43 million due to market developments with raising of new funds and new Zeiss product launched as well as new sales into China and new reference sites in China and the US. There was a 55% decrease in 2018 to $19 million with resignation of Chairman and significant changeover of the Board as a result of shareholder dissatisfaction. Latest product sold through Carl Zeiss has received FDA clearance and there was a 16% decrease in 2019 to $18 million with new funds raised and positive promotion in the market. There was a 176% increase in 2020 to $63 million. (A significant recent uptick resulted from an improving outlook for the company due to a strong push for commercialisation of its product and significant fund raising but this seems to have been overly speculative.) There was a further 71% increase to $111 million in 2021 due to positive sales projections and arrival of new Chairman with Manager Director's position filled. There has been a 42% decrease in 2022 to $66 million with bolstering of management and NDA application for oral imaging device as well as acquisition of IP. (21/12/22)

OPT - Opthea Ltd.

As a management and investment company, Opthea (previously Circadian) had been relatively strong in the past as some of its investments have provided a commercial return or at least some value in the stock market. Until recently, the market cap was supported more by net asset backing rather than economic revenue or returns. The outlook for share prices remains uncertain. There was a clear 45% decline in prices in 2005, an increase of 35% in 2006 and a 22% decrease in 2007 associated with gains from sale of Zenyth shareholding to CSL, announcements of investments and funding in new areas and collapse of Metabolic share price. The sale of Axon and Zenyth provided income and profitability but now the company will have to work on the next growth area to maintain value. This is Vegenics (recently fully acquired), although this could be some time from commercialisation. Shares declined 52% in 2008, in line with the overall fall in the market but there was a 21% recovery in 2009. Company market cap of $27 million in 2009 was little more than cash holdings of $22 million. Problem with licensing arrangements of VEGX technology to Ark Therapeutics has been resolved. There was a decline and recovery in prices in 2010 (down 19%) which continued into 2011 (down 18% to $22 million). There was a recovery in 2012 associated with commencement of clinical trials and positive diagnostic tests leading to a fund raising which again depressed prices (down 26% at $17 million) and launch of new diagnostic product. There was a 41% decline in 2013 to $10 million with signing of new contract indicating new direction and sudden departure of CEO. A new Managing Director was appointed in February 2014. There was little movement in 2014 (down 20% to $24 million) with some speculation over a proposed trial of treatment for wet AMD and substantial new fund raising which doubled company value. Prices up 142% in 2015 with company value at $59 million with positive results from licensing partner and FDA approval for clinical trial on AMD treatment which has commenced. Company changed name to Opthea in December 2015. There was a further 15% increase in early 2016 to $68 million which was increased when Phase 1 results were positive (eventually up 111% at $127 million). There was a 17% decline in 2017 to $141 million with the raising of new funds to support next round of clinical trials after successful results so far. There was a 17% decrease in 2018 to $145 million with a latest trial results promising and exercising of options raising further funds. There was a 55% recovery in 2019 to $224 million, possibly due to speculation over forthcoming trial results. When clinical trial showed a clear effect, shares jumped 133% followed by a substantial fund raising (eventually up 414% to $803 million). There was a 35% decrease in 2020 with company value at $650 million, launch of an IPO in the US to raise substantial funds and a listing on NASDAQ. There was a 33% decrease in 2021 to $456 million with critical Phase 3 trial commencing. There has been a 31% decrease in 2022 to $420 million following substantial fund raising. (28/11/22)

OSL - Oncosil Medical Ltd.

Company arising from acquisition by Neurodiscovery Ltd of Enigma Therapeutics in April 2013. Enigma had exclusive global licence to BrachySil, a technology for using radioactive isotopes for treating solid tumours, from PSIMedica Ltd, a subsidiary of pSivida (ASX:PVA). Name changed to Oncosil in June 2013 and product to be manufactured in Germany for pivotal trials to be completed in 2014/15, CE and FDA approval to be obtained in 2015. Funds raised to fund global registration study in September 2013. Shares down 34% in 2014 to company value of $31 million and up 191% in 2015 at $90 million. A new CEO was appointed as well as a Chief Medical Officer and manufacturing managers to push forward with commercialisation. As company had not matched its projections and these were stretching out further, questions were being asked about its trials and regulatory process as well as the viability of its treatment but despite this further funds raised for commercialisation and apparent regulatory developments (down 66% to $40 million in 2016). There was some temporary recovery with announcement that FDA had provided IDE approval leading to clinical trials for treatment of pancreatic cancer. Shares up 80% in 2017 with company value at $76 million and recruitment for clinical trial was advanced. There was a decline and recovery (up 19%) in 2018 to $117 million with substantial new funds raised and clinical results promising. There was an 8% decline in 2019 to $107 million with a 70% fall occurring in March 2019 when UK reviewers advised that insufficient clinical benefit had been demonstrated to recommend approval and a significant recovery with signs that regulators are relenting on their views. There was a 29% decrease in 2020 to $101 million with new funds raised and sale of first device in NZ and changeover of CEO. There was a further 63% decrease in 2021 to $38 million with withdrawal of registration with TGA to improve data presentation. There has been a 4% increase in 2022 to $47 million with approval for trial of device in Germany and first commercial use of device in Spain as well as raising of funds and push for improved sales of device. (23/12/22)